My Experiences Types Of Teachers - 965 Words

Brian ’44’ Gunter There are from my experiences two types of teachers in this world: good and great. A good teacher knows, at the bare minimum, how to get across the basics of the material. They may not be the most enthusiastic, however they get the job done. Great teachers are truly a gift of God. They know how to inspire, create discussion, and truly get students involved in lessons. Then there remains Brian Gunter. I will never forget the first time I walked into my high school band class at exactly 10:45 AM. He was on the podium positioned directly in the front of an ensemble of empty chairs. His lanky figure sat hunched over staring down at seemingly nothing, with a can of Diet Coke on his left and a pack of peanut butter crackers to the right. His pale, wrinkled face displayed only a emotionless and blank canvas. As I walked past the podium, Mr. Gunter’s attention quickly shifted from his mid-morning snack and our eyes met. Usually a teacher addresses their students with a pleasant greeti ng on the first day of class. Not Brian Gunter. My name was asked first for roll, to which I responded â€Å"Quincy Chapman†. His stony, impassive expression quickly shifted to one of deep grimace. â€Å"You’re Arthur’s brother, aren’t you?†, he asked. I answered yes a bit too enthusiastically and soon found myself assigned the seat furthest away from the podium. Band practices would start with the quiet rustling of peanut butter cracker wrappers and the small hiss from a can of Diet Coke.Show MoreRelatedLiteracy Is An Important Tool For Everyone929 Words   |  4 Pagesreading in order to learn. The experiences that a student has when it comes to literacy is important. Each experience can either cause a student to continue to want to learn or it can cause a student to shut down and make it harder for them to learn. 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Reflecting on my teaching practice one key hegemonic assumption that stands out to me as I had some problems relating to this topic is the relationship between a student and the teacher â₠¬â€œ the bestRead MoreOnline Projects, Online Publishing Opportunities, And Culturally Responsive Pedagogy?1026 Words   |  5 Pagesintegration should be in the classroom.   Roblyer furnished definitions for three types of web-based lessons:   Interpersonal exchanges, Information collection and analysis and Problem-solving (Roblyer, 2016, p. 219).   While I may not use these phrases with teachers, I will be able to track the types of coaching experiences I bring to my teachers. 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John Locke s Theory Of Theory And Social Discourse

In 1690, John Locke, an Englishman, wrote his Second Treatise on Government which argued for a government featuring a societal sovereign that protected property. A half century later, Jean Jacques Rousseau published Discourse on Inequality, a piece that explored the proprietary origin and distribution of equality while subtly critiquing John Locke’s theories. By the time Karl Marx began to explore bourgeois society and its shortcomings, Rousseau was an established Locke critique who Marx’s On the Jewish Question and Communist Manifesto could contend with. The largest point of contention between the three would be the concept of property and the source of inequality. By exploring the major theories of each political philosopher, a muddled picture is drawn featuring the crosshairs of theory and social discourse. Only the work of a more modern theorist, Michel Foucault, could draw coherency from Locke’s critics in Discipline and Punish. In this paper I will discuss the dominant concepts of each theorist in regard to Locke’s Second Treatise, ultimately exposing the similarities imposed on Rousseau and Marx by Foucault. John Locke believed all individuals had a right to life, liberty, and property. Property, being a natural right, exists in a state of perfect freedom and equality. According to Locke, every man â€Å"has a property in his own person† that â€Å"nobody has a right to but himself† (Locke, 19). In consequence, all labours of one’s body are extensions of their inherentShow MoreRelatedEssay on What is the Function of a Social Contract?1637 Words   |  7 PagesFunction of a Social Contract? Philosophers have been concerned with the theories of a social contract for thousands of years. Plato mentions the concept in Crito and in Republic. These theories have stemmed from the concept of justice and for our society to be just. 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Each of these philosophers has a literary work or works that look at human nature and its application to government. b. We will be examining Locke’s Second

Business Entrepreneur GEM Netherlands TEA

Question: Discuss about the Business Entrepreneur for GEM Netherlands TEA. Answer: Introduction Entrepreneurship development is leading changes and growth across various countries and across nations. In the light of entrepreneurial development the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) was set up to access and monitor progress of each and every country on its entrepreneurial developmental scale(van Stel 2014). Countries were allocated scores according to Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) with one being the lowest score. Netherland is a country with a TEA of 6th in 26 GEM scores which is relatively low(Wennekers 2009). The government of the country is devising strategies and tactics in order to overcome the shortfalls and to up its index in levels of entrepreneurial development. The country is recommended to initiate and adopt programs that can promote entrepreneurial development in their country such that business and related activities flourish in its country. The report analyses the various facts of the country in regards to its population, ethnic set-up, langua ges spoken, GDP, poverty levels, import- export trades and various other factors in order to assess the reasons behind its low scores. Then the various macro level analysis for the country is done in regards to its political, social, economic, environmental, legal and banking for recommending a suitable strategy for the country in order to promote entrepreneurship. At the end of the report there are various initiatives and programs suggested that might be adopted by the government in order to get substantial results in the area of entrepreneurial development(Span 2014). Country Facts Population Population of a country plays a dominant role in determining the entrepreneurial index. The greater the population of a country the more is the demand for various goods and services hence entrepreneurs crop up in order to cater to those needs by establishing a business. Netherlands population according to 2016 estimates is 17,000,059(Jacobs 2009). The population density of the country is 408.1/km2 mi. The country has a stable population, which is growing but it has a considerable ageing population. The country has a substantial amount of youth population but it is not growing as expected which in turn affects the entrepreneurial index. Ethnic make-up and primary languages spoken Netherland ethnic groups consists of 78.3% Dutch, 5.9% nationality from other European countries as, 2.3% Turkish, 2.2% Moroccans, 2.1% Indo, 2.0% Surinamese, 0.8% Caribbean and 6.4% other nationality. The national and official languages spoken in the country are Dutch, English, Frisian,and Papiamento. Some recognized regional languages of the country are Limburgish, Dutch Low Saxon(Vasta 2007). GDP/GNP The nominal GDP estimate of 2016 of Netherlands is US$762.521 billion and per capita GDP is US$44,828. The country ranks 17th in the world in terms of nominal GDP and 15th in per capita GDP(Kubiszewski 2013). The purchasing power parity GDP (PPP) of the country as per 2016 is US$856.265 billion which ranks it 27th in the world. The per capita GDP PPP of Netherlands is US$50,339 that ranks 15th in the world. Poverty level and cost of living The levels of poverty and cost of living is on a sharp rise in Netherlands from 2011 according to reports published by Statistics Netherlands. However the growth weakened in 2013 and further in 2015,but there is poverty concentrated in major cities of Netherlands(Dutch Retrieved on 16th August, 2016). As per reports 2014 will have 717,000 households with substantially low income which constitutes 10.1%(Knoema 15th August, 2016). Primary Imports/Exports Netherland exports refined petroleum, crude petroleum, computers, packaged medicaments, petroleum gas and so on. The countrys export amounted to US$525 billion in the year 2015(Atlas Retrieved on 16th August, 2016). The imports of the country amounted to US$552 billion consisting of telephones, crude and refined petroleum, petroleum gas and computers. The country mainly exports to Germany, United Kingdom, Belgium-Luxembourg, Italy and France. The country imports from United States, Russia, China, Germany and Belgium-Luxembourg. Ease of Doing Business (World Bank Ranking) The ease of doing business world ranking for Netherlands is 28 amongst 189 economies(Doing Retrieved on 16th August, 2016). The parameter ease of doing business is a comparative parameter that combines staring a business, dealing with its various permits, electricity, registration of its property, paying its investors, taxes and so on. Ranking with neighbouring or regional countries Netherlands ranks at 14th in Global peace awards and its rank is quite high compared to its region in terms of Human Development Index (HDI)(HRD Retrieved on 16th August, 2016). When compared to Norway, Switzerland, Denmark , it ranks below but compared to other countries in the region or in the world it ranks substantially high. Comparative Advantage Netherlands has absolute comparative advantage in terms of petroleum gas, petroleum production. It manufactures various petroleum products at significantly high cost advantage leading to economies of scale and hence exports these products to various parts of the world. Reasons for low levels of entrepreneurship Netherland lags behind tremendously in its entrepreneurial activities due to lack of innovation. Individuals in Netherlands are reluctant to innovate new processes, technologies, skills, methods, products and services. There are no innovation driven program to support and uphill the cause of entrepreneurial development. There needs to be tremendous efforts from the government and Chambers of Commerce to foster the entrepreneurial developmental skills amongst individuals such that they are able to start their own ventures. Issues for low level of entrepreneurship Political Netherlands has been a constitutional monarchy and a system of parliamentary democracy prevails in the country. The country has a ranking of 10th in being the most democratic state in the world. The government of the country has minimum level of interference in business and commercial activities(Middleton 2010).The government and the country has immense number of jobs that has often been seen as a hindrance to the growth and development of entrepreneurial activities. Social The social pattern of Netherland is absolutely amicable and similar to westernized developed countries. Netherland is a peaceful country where individuals have easy-going life-styles and enjoy stress free environment. The individuals have high family bonding as well as family values that binds their culture together. The taste and preference of their society can be compared to that of a developed country. Individuals have a high disposable income, high level of social security and the employability rules are favourable in nature . All these factors makes individuals less motivated for being an entrepreneur(Van der Donck 2008). Economic The economic conditions of Netherland are stable with stable rate of inflation and Euro as currency. The country enjoys a favourable trade deficit and it does not have any substantial loans outstanding from world financial institutions like IMF or the World Bank(Beugelsdijk 2010). The country has a stable banking system and monetary markets that determine the stability and growth of its financial markets. The country has a stable taxation systems and commercial set-up that promotes setting up of entrepreneurial businesses. The majority of the individuals are employed in various job roles across the country with a stable pay scale and structure which inhibit the growth of entrepreneurial activities. Environmental Netherland conforms to all necessarily environmental standards and has adopted major ISO norms in its various industries(Cambra-Fierro 2008). The country adopts stringent practices regarding air, water and ground pollution, recycling issues, carbon footprints and soon. Its industries need to adhere by the obligatory ISO norms and practices in order to function in Netherlands. The country has adopted sustainable practices in all aspects of business especially in production and manufacturing industries. The entrepreneurs that sets up their business in the country not only needs to adhere to the several practices but also needs to prove by documented credentials that they have conformed to such practices. Conforming to ISO norms and environmental practice requires substantial investment which is always not available to start-up firms(Pettenger 2007). Technological Technological aspect plays a significant role in development and progress of a country and its various activities. Netherland enjoys a highly developed technological systems and IT infrastructure that promotes trade and commerce activities. The technological environment of Netherlands is governed by various IT rules and regulations that safeguard and protect interest of consumers. Hence there is immense flow of information and high degree of e-commerce activities that takes place through secured portals(Kern 2008). Entrepreneurs can substantially benefit from the high level of technological ambience prevailing in the country. Legal and Banking Netherland has a stable judiciary system and legal structure that governs its various laws of the land. The legal framework of the country promotes safety and social security that makes life amiable for individuals to reside peacefully in the country(Jeucken 2010). The banking system of Netherlands is quite robust with the presence of a wide number of national banks with a huge dominance of international bankers as well. The banking infrastructure of the country is governed by stable rate of interest and easy loan availing facilities for small and medium businesses. The banking system supports entrepreneurial environment(Pierce 2010). Strategies for increasing Entrepreneurship Initiatives Netherland significantly lags behind in its entrepreneurial activities and there needs to be initiatives that promote development of such activities in the country. The countrys population requires to be provided a thrust such that they can indulge themselves in entrepreneurial ventures. Serious initiatives and encouragement as well as financial, monetary and philanthropic guidance is required that can motivate for taking a venture. Initiatives that develop risk-taking capabilities amongst individuals needs to be planned, a program can be designed such that it covers all necessary approaches to entrepreneurial development. These initiatives need to be strategized and implanted by either the government or by the Chambers of Commerce(Kelley 2012). Rise in entrepreneurial activities requires substantial changes in vision of individuals and changing their mind orientation to think in a different manner altogether. Hence applying and taking initiatives and programs for entrepreneurial development can lead to significant results. Required changes in government The present government in Netherlands is reluctant towards the growth and rise of entrepreneurship in the country. The government needs to change its mind set and take a proactive role in determining and planning initiatives for various plans and programs. The government can conduct specific programs and provide benefits as well as ideas in fields that can significantly be developed by entrepreneurs. The government can also enable various financial as well as technological know-hows regarding various businesses that have good potential and opportunity for growth in the country. Infrastructure development The infrastructure development that is required in Netherlands for promoting entrepreneurial skills is management programs and institutes. Land or office premises for setting up of the new ventures, financial loan for start-up ventures at a significantly low rate compared to the market. Low rate of taxes in the initial years for entrepreneurial ventures. Technological infrastructure is an important aspect of any entrepreneurial development as globalization of businesses has led to rise in e-commerce activities. For any new age business it is important to have a good and efficient supply chain management. For a good supply chain the basic needs is having transportation infrastructure present(Szirmai 2011). Hence transport infrastructure plays an important role in any business especially in entrepreneurial ventures. Programs Entrepreneurial development in Netherlands can be done systematically when the country adopts a proper program that supports its development. A program that will focus on initiatives taken for entrepreneurship development like providing low interest rate on start-up ventures loan, guidance in areas where businesses can be set-up easily and so on. There needs to be a major initiative in regards to inculcating innovation amongst individuals such that they are able to foster the spirit of entrepreneurial development. Any other factors The other factors that might be conducive to entrepreneurial development are easing off environmental norms, making tax rates lows or providing tax-rebates. The other actors can also be Conclusion Netherland is a nation that is peace loving and a sizable amount of the population is indulged in various kinds of jobs. Lack in development of skills and tactics in creating innovative strategies and products has led to the country lagging behind in entrepreneurial development. The government has to devise strategies and policies such that the major part of the population is bale to undertake innovative attitude and establish ventures of their own. These programs need substantial support from the government in terms of financial help. Innovation developmental programs will also help the country establish a wide variety of ventures in different areas and industries. The political, social, economic, technological and legal framework of the country is quite stable and offers robust opportunities for creating and establishing businesses. Hence individuals can prevail the existing opportunities and capitalise on them such that they are able to establish a competitive advantage in every f ields and up the countrys TEA score in GEM lists. These various endeavours if adopted by the government of the country can greatly benefit and result in substantial lifting of the TEA score in the GEM lists of countries for entrepreneurial development. References Atlas, M Retrieved on 16th August, 2016, 'Netherland Import Export', https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/nld/. Beugelsdijk, S., McCann, P. and Mudambi, R., 2010. Introduction: Place, space and organizationeconomic geography and the multinational enterprise.Journal of Economic Geography,10(4), pp.485-493. Cambra-Fierro, J., Hart, S. and Polo-Redondo, Y., 2008. Environmental respect: ethics or simply business? A study in the small and medium enterprise (SME) context.Journal of Business Ethics,82(3), pp.645-656. Doing, B Retrieved on 16th August, 2016, 'Netherland Easy of doing business', https://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/netherlands/. Dutch, D Retrieved on 16th August, 2016, 'Poverty in Netherlands', https://www.dutchdailynews.com/poverty-rate-in-the-netherlands-increased-sharply/. HRD Retrieved on 16th August, 2016, 'Netherland HDI', https://hdr.undp.org/en/composite/HDI. Jacobs, J., 2009. Migration, Population, and Government in New Netherland.Four Centuries of Dutch-American Relations, 16092009, pp.85-96. Jeucken, M., 2010.Sustainable finance and banking: the financial sector and the future of the planet. Routledge. Kelley, D.J., Singer, S. and Herrington, M., 2012. The global entrepreneurship monitor.2011 Global Report, GEM 2011,7. Kern, F. and Smith, A., 2008. Restructuring energy systems for sustainability? Energy transition policy in the Netherlands.Energy policy,36(11), pp.4093-4103. Knoema 15th August, 2016, 'Netherland Poverty Levels', https://knoema.com/WBPS2015Jan/poverty-and-inequality-statistics-january-2015?country=1001040-netherlands. Kubiszewski, I., Costanza, R., Franco, C., Lawn, P., Talberth, J., Jackson, T. and Aylmer, C., 2013. Beyond GDP: Measuring and achieving global genuine progress.Ecological Economics,93, pp.57-68. Middleton, S., 2010. Order and Authority in New Netherland: The 1653 Remonstrance and Early Settlement Politics.William Mary Quarterly,67(1), pp.31-68. Pettenger, M.E. ed., 2007.The social construction of climate change: Power, knowledge, norms, discourses. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. Pierce, R.J., 2010.Administrative law treatise(Vol. 3). Wolters Kluwer Law Business Span, T,VSAAVDBR 2014, 'Global Entrepreneurship Monitor the Netherlands '. Span, T., van Stel, A. and van den Berg, R., Global Entrepreneurship Monitor the Netherlands 2014. Szirmai, A., Naud, W. and Goedhuys, M., 2011.Entrepreneurship, innovation, and economic development. Oxford University Press. Van der Donck, A., 2008.A description of New Netherland. U of Nebraska Press van Stel, A., Hessels, J. and Span, T., 2014.Global Entrepreneurship Monitor The Netherlands 2013(No. H201407). EIM Business and Policy Research. Van Doorslaer, E., Masseria, C., Koolman, X. and OECD Health Equity Research Group, 2006. Inequalities in access to medical care by income in developed countries.Canadian medical association journal,174(2), pp.177-183. Vasta, E., 2007. From ethnic minorities to ethnic majority policy: Multiculturalism and the shift to assimilationism in the Netherlands.Ethnic and racial studies,30(5), pp.713-740. Wennekers, S., Hessels, J. and Hartog, C., 2009.Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2008 The Netherlands(No. A200914). EIM Business and Policy Research.

Essay Examples on World War I Essay Example

Essay Examples on World War I Paper 1st Essay Sample on World War I World War I was the result of leaders’ aggression towards other countries, which was supported by the rising nationalism of the European nations. Economic and imperial competition and fear of war prompted military alliances and an arms race, which further escalated the tension contributing to the outbreak of war.On the European continent there were chiefly five raising great powers.On one side France, Britain, and Russia and on the other were the Central Powers Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey.All were trying to establish themselves as the preeminent power on the continent. Armies and navies were greatly expanded. The standing armies of France and Germany doubled in size between 1870 and 1914. Naval expansion was also extremely competitive, particularly between Germany and Great Britain. By 1889, the British had established the principle that in order to maintain naval superiority in the event of war they would have to have a navy two and a half times as large as the seco nd-largest navy. Another factor which contributed to the increase in rivalry in Europe was imperialism. Great Britain, Germany and France needed foreign markets after the increase in manufacturing caused by the Industrial Revolution. These countries competed for economic expansion in Africa. Although Britain and France resolved their differences in Africa, several crises foreshadowing the war involved the clash of Germany against Britain and France in North Africa.On June 28, 1914 Gavrilo Princip assassinated the Archduke Franz Ferdinand in the provincial capital of Sarajevo setting the wheels of war in motion.Immediately following the assassination Germany pledged its full support to Austria-Hungary, pressuring them to declare war on Serbia, while France strengthened its backing of Russia.Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia on July 28, 1914. 2nd Essay Sample on World War I It is hard to point out one specific incident that led to World War I but rather it was a culmination of many different events that led to the most catastrophic war of its time. The United States pledged to stay neutral during the war but with great economic investments with the allies the United States found itself involved in exporting billions of dollars worth of provisions to England and France. President Wilson devised a foreign policy to protect America but he could not keep the United States out of the war. By the time the United States entered the war Wilson was already working on his Fourteen Points and League of Nations policies. The events that led to World War I are complex. The origins of the war are still controversial. Germans desire for greater power and influence led to an arms race with Britain. Britain responded by building a more powerful navy. Germany was looking for overseas colonies, which led to clashing with both Britain and France. The Austria-Hungarian Emp ire had problems with the Balkans especially Serbia. On June 28, 1914 the tensions between Austria-Hungary and Serbia came to a head when a Slavic terrorist group assassinated the heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The assassination triggered a chain of events that culminated in the worldsfirst global war. Europe had divided into two alliances: the Triple Alliance, which included the countries of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy and the Triple Entente, which consisted of France, Russia and Great Britain. After the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand, Austria-Hungary issued an ultimatum to Serbia. Serbia refused the impossible demands Austria-Hungary asked of them. On July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Russia, bound by treaty to Serbia, announced its plans to mobilize its army in defense of Serbia. The mobilization of Russias troops would take six weeks. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on World War I specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on World War I specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on World War I specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

General Billy Mitchell - Father of the US Air Force

General Billy Mitchell - Father of the US Air Force Billy Mitchell - Early Life Career: The son of wealthy Senator John L. Mitchell (D-WI) and his wife Harriet, William Billy Mitchell was born on December 28, 1879 at Nice, France. Educated in Milwaukee, he later enrolled at Columbian College (present-day George Washington University) in Washington, DC. In 1898, prior to graduating, he enlisted in the US Army with the goal of fighting in the Spanish-American War. Entering the service, Mitchells father soon used his connections to obtain his son a commission. Though the war ended before he saw action, Mitchell elected to remain in the US Army Signal Corps and spent time in Cuba and the Philippines. Billy Mitchell - An Interest in Aviation: Sent north in 1901, Mitchell successfully built telegraph lines in remote areas of Alaska. During this posting, he began studying Otto Lilienthals glider experiments. This reading, combined with further research, led him to conclude in 1906 that future conflicts would be fought in the air. Two years later, he witnessed a flying demonstration given by Orville Wright at Fort Myer, VA. Sent to the Army Staff College, he became the only Signal Corps Officer on the Army General Staff in 1913. As aviation was assigned to the Signal Corps, Mitchell was well placed to further develop his interest. Associating with many early military aviators, Mitchell was made deputy commander of the Aviation Section, Signal Corps in 1916. At age 38, the US Army felt that Mitchell was too old for flying lessons. As a result, he was forced to seek private instruction at the Curtiss Aviation School in Newport News, VA where he proved a quick study. When the US entered World War I in April 1917, Mitchell, now a lieutenant colonel, was en route to France as an observer and to study aircraft production. Traveling to Paris, he established an Aviation Section office and began connecting with his British and French counterparts. Billy Mitchell - World War I: Working closely with the Royal Flying Corps General Sir Hugh Trenchard, Mitchell learned how to develop aerial combat strategies and plan large-scale air operations. On April 24, he became the first American officer to fly over the lines when he rode with a French pilot. Quickly earning a reputation as a daring and tireless leader, Mitchell was promoted to brigadier general and given command of all American air units in General John J. Pershings American Expeditionary Force. In September 1918, Mitchell successfully planned and orchestrated a campaign using 1,481 Allied aircraft in support of ground forces during the Battle of St. Mihiel. Gaining air superiority over the battlefield, his aircraft aided in driving back the Germans. During his time in France, Mitchell proved a highly effective commander, but his aggressive approach and unwillingness to operate in the chain of command made him numerous enemies. For his performance in World War I, Mitchell received the Distinguished Service Cross, the Distinguished Service Medal, and several foreign decorations. Billy Mitchell - Air Power Advocate: Following the war, Mitchell expected to be placed in command of the US Army Air Service. He was blocked in this goal when Pershing named Major General Charles T. Menoher, an artilleryman, to the post. Mitchell instead was made Assistant Chief of the Air Service and was able to retain his wartime rank of brigadier general. A relentless advocate for aviation, he encouraged US Army pilots to challenge records as well as promoted races and ordered aircraft to aid in fighting forest fires. Convinced that air power would become the driving force of war in the future, he pressed for the creation of an independent air force. Mitchells vocal support of air power brought him into conflict with the US Navy as he felt the ascent of aviation made the surface fleet increasingly obsolete. Convinced that bombers could sink battleships, he argued that aviation should be the US first line of defense. Among those he alienated was Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin D. Roosevelt. Failing to achieve his goals, Mitchell became increasingly outspoken and attacked his superiors in the US Army, as well as the leadership of the US Navy and White House for failing to understand the importance of military aviation. Billy Mitchell - Project B: Continuing to agitate, Mitchell managed in February 1921 to convince Secretary of War Newton Baker and Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels to hold joint Army-Navy exercises in which his aircraft would bomb surplus/captured ships. Though the US Navy was reluctant to agree, it was compelled to accept the exercises after Mitchell learned of their own aerial testing against ships. Believing that he could succeed in wartime conditions, Mitchell also held that a thousand bombers could be built for the price of one battleship making aviation a more economical defense force. Dubbed Project B, the exercises moved forward in June and July 1921 under a set of rules of engagement that greatly favored the survivability of the ships. In the early tests, Mitchells aircraft sank a captured German destroyer and light cruiser. On July 20-21, they attacked the German battleship Ostfriesland. While the aircraft did sink it, they violated the rule of engagement in doing so. In addition, the circumstances of the exercises were not wartime conditions as all of the target vessels were stationary and effectively defenseless. Billy Mitchell - Fall from Power: Mitchell repeated his success later that year by sinking the retired battleship USS in September. The tests incensed President Warren Harding who wished to avoid any show of naval weakness immediately prior to the Washington Naval Conference, but did lead to increased funding for military aviation. Following a protocol incident with his naval counterpart, Rear Admiral William Moffett, at the beginning of the conference, Mitchell was sent overseas on an inspection tour. Returning to the US, Mitchell continued to criticize his superiors regarding aviation policy. In 1924, the commander of the Air Service, Major General Mason Patrick, sent him on a tour of Asia and the Far East to remove him from the limelight. During this tour, Mitchell foresaw a future war with Japan and predicted an aerial attack on Pearl Harbor. That fall, he again blasted the Army and Navy leadership, this time to the Lampert Committee. The following March, his term of Assistant Chief ended and he was exiled to San Antonio, TX, with the rank of colonel, to oversee air operations. Billy Mitchell - Court Martial: Later that year, following the loss of the US Navy airship USS , Mitchell issued a statement accusing the militarys senior leadership of almost treasonable administration of the national defense and incompetence. As a result of these statements, he was brought up on court-martial charges for insubordination at the direction of President Calvin Coolidge. Beginning that November, the court-martial saw Mitchell receive broad public support and notable aviation officers such as Eddie Rickenbacker, Henry Hap Arnold, and Carl Spaatz testified on his behalf. On December 17, Mitchell was found guilty and sentenced to a five-year suspension from active duty and loss of pay. The youngest of the twelve judges, Major General Douglas MacArthur, called serving on the panel distasteful, and voted not guilty stating that an officer should not be silenced for being at variance with his superiors in rank and with accepted doctrine. Rather than accept the punishment, Mitchell resigned on February 1, 1926. Retiring to his farm in Virginia, he continued to advocate for air power and a separate air force until his death on February 19, 1936. Selected Sources National Museum of the US Air Force: Brigadier General William Billy MitchellUS Army: William Billy MitchellEarly Aviators: Billy Mitchell

Qualitative Research Designs Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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BP (British Petroleum) Refining Strategy in Europe Essay

BP (British Petroleum) Refining Strategy in Europe - Essay Example Many companies that deal in oil refinery use different processes and strategies in order to produce high quality products that can be used in different factory processes and automobiles. In the process of refining (Krippendorff 2013, 82), an oil depot or tank farm has to be located near the oil refinery plant so that storage of the incoming crude stocks can be persevered before being refined as well as the products arising from the refinery process. BP utilises one of the most efficient technology in the refinery field known as Fischer-Tropsch (FT) technology (Singh & Harvey 2010; Hicks &Nelder 2008, 45). According to BP (2013), the technology is crucial in helping the company to convert various feedstocks such as crude residues, heavy crude residues, coal and biomass into clean and quality fuels such as jet fuel, diesel and naphtha. Fischer-Tropsch technology makes refining process efficient and reliable while ensuring production of superior products that passes all performance-related tests used in respective industries (Maitlis & Klerk 2013; Klerk 2011, 17). According to BP (2013), the company is committed to minimising its contribution to greenhouse gases that emanate from its refinery processes. By adopting Fischer-Tropsch technology, the company has greatly minimised pollution arising from poor refining processes (Johansson 1993, 27; Maczulak 2010, 36). The Fischer-Tropsch technology has often been used with much success at BP Refinery in many of the countries that it has been used. The strategy involves various processes like the multi tubular fixed bed reactor. This reactor has various types of tubes that have small diameters with special catalysts surrounded by boiling water that removes the heat of the reaction (Great Britain 2010, 29). This reactor is very suitable when operating at low temperatures with upper limits reaching up to 530 K. The excess temperature arising from the system results in carbon deposition and can block